10 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... intoxication #Hypercalcemia ... #high #endocrinology
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
(TLS) and Treatment ... other symptomatic hypocalcemia ... Treatment of TLS ... hydroxide • Hyperkalemia ... • Hypocalcemia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... potassium and calcium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential ... • AKI/CKD Mineralocorticoid ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... fever - ACS, AKI ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... treatment (no calcium ... #TLS #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia ... malignancies Treatment ... Kidney #Injury #AKI ... Cancer #Oncology #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
- Workup and Differential ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Neurologic disorders
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
HIV, Influenza, TSS ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... injured muscles -> HYPOTENSION ... potassium and calcium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... • Hypertension ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology