36 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Algorithm Elevated ... Granulomatous Disease ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Bony #Tumors # ... Tumours #MSK #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
due to increased bone ... failure, Addison's disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... #Causes #differential ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
different types of bone ... ) • Enostosis/bone ... docskalski #Knee #Bone ... Tumors #Diagnosis #Bony ... #Differential #
Vertebral Body Abnormalities

A sheet of common (and uncommon) vertebral body findings, because a completely “normal” spine
Hemivertebra Scheuermann Disease ... Sclerotic Mets Bone ... Abnormalities #Radiology ... #MSK #Pathology ... #differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
D) Increased bone ... of bone Malignancy ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay
Age <
different types of bone ... Simple/unicameral bone ... • Aneurysmal bone ... #Differential # ... #XRay #MSK #pediatrics
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumours - See Bone ... • Bone Marrow ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK ... #Differential #
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
- Accelerated Bone ... Formation: Hungy Bone ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology ... #differential # ... algorithm