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differential nephrology algorithm hematuria hypertension management secondary treatment urology acute blood glomerulonephritis indications injury intercellularshift k kidney macroscopic membranoproliferative mpgn
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... for renal biopsy ... if cause not identified ... by UW IM Residency
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... C3/C4, Other • ATN ... #nephrology #causes
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria Important Historical Elements: - Painless: suggests malignancy - Painful: suggests calculi/infection - Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... #EM #IM #Urology ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM) Hypertensive urgency
Consider secondary HTN ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Nephritic syndrome • AKI ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... #Secondary #Nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... immune deposits on EM ... nephritis, malignant HTN ... #diagnosis #renal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... declines > ALT) • AKI ... + myoglobin AKI ... or ATN 6.
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... most pts have HTN ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hypotension) Decreased Glomerular ... Creatinine • Chronic renal ... failure • AKI
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... ) - caution in HTN
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