219 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Elevation == Decreased ... Asplenia Laboratory Interference ... Reduction == Increase ... HgbA1c #Laboratory #Increase ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
pressure, which can decrease ... Both can decrease ... In CHF, decreases ... In COPD, decreases ... #criticalcare #management
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Dexamethasone • Decrease ... vasogenic edema • Decrease ... Nifedipine • Decreases ... #Medications #Management
Pressors and Inotropes

Norepinephrine
 • alpha1 > beta 1
 • Increase SVR > Inotropy
Vasopressin
 • V1
 •
• alpha 1 • Increase ... • Inotropy > Increase ... • Inotropy, Decrease ... • Inotropy, Decrease ... comparison #shock #management
Auto-PEEP 
What is Auto-PEEP?
 • Progressive air trapping & dynamic hyperinflation → ↑Palv at end expiration
barotrauma and decreased ... (Tflow rate = decrease ... I:E ratio, decrease ... RR) • Decrease ... pulmonary #diagnosis #management
COVID-19 - Awake Self-Proning

Physiology of proning:
 - more homogenous ventilation
 - decrease ventral-dorsal transpulmonary pressure difference
ventilation - decrease ... difference - decrease ... compression - increase ... covid19 #sarscov2 #management
Pharmaceutical Management of Hyperthyroidism / Thyroid Storm
Beta-Blockers 
• Decreases sympathetic hyperactivity 
• Partially blocks peripheral conversion
Pharmaceutical Management ... Beta-Blockers • Decreases ... thyroid hormone • Decreases ... Steroids • Decrease ... #ThyroidStorm #Management
Orthostatic Hypotension Management Algorithm
 • Hypovolemic?  Yes → Resuscitate
 • Volume Overloaded? No → Fludrocortisone
Orthostatic Hypotension Management ... Non-pharmacologic Management ... PO intake, Increase ... HUT) position → Decrease ... #Hypotension #Management
Hypotension in Anesthesiology - Differential Diagnosis and Management 

Initial checklist: 
 - Verify BP (e.g. surgeon
Diagnosis and Management ... crystalloids) - Decrease ... anaesthetic - Increase ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
failure leads to an increase ... ferroportin → Decreased ... ferroportin leads to decreased ... symptoms and QOL and decreased ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management