19 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes potassium alkalosis hypokalemia low gitelman hyperkalemia nongap pathophysiology urine abg acid acidbase acidosis aniongap base bloodgas
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Al, High R - Secondary ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... loss through the nephron ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
Mechanisms of nephron ... in cardiorenal syndrome ... activities • Diuretic ... release • ↓ Cl ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... delivery to distal nephron ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... Tumor Low Renin, High ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
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