18 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Diabetes ... Insipidus Workup ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential Diagnosis ... diabetes insipidus ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Polyuria ... Insipidus - DDAVP ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Urine ... Diabetes Insipidus ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Insipidus (Decr ... Insipidus (Incr ... sensitivity in kidneys
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Insipidus Hypodipsia ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... of epithelial sodium ... ATPase Nephrogenic diabetes ... insipidus - Vasopressin ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... #Insipidus #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central ... #nephrology #sodium
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Excessive hydration • Diabetes ... insipidus (deficiency ... 1.010: • Advanced kidney ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology