15 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... transfusion • Tumor ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Renin secreting tumor ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Renin-secreting tumor ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... Renin secreting tumor ... consumption • Low/Normal ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renin-secreting tumor ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Renin secreting tumor ... syndrome Low-normal ... Distal RTA Low-normal ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
reexposed to light; • Normal ... dissociation • Other causes ... trauma/orbital tumor ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Renin secreting tumor ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Pressure ... Drug Abuse • Tumor ... CognitiveImpairment #Dementia #Neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
include anus, oral ... soles in 50% of cases ... - Oral lesions ... - Ocular syphilis ... have positive serology