18 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #orthopedics
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
inward rotation of pelvis ... Grades #Grading #Orthopedics ... #MSK #diagnosis ... #complications ... #pathophysiology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... signs #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
fractures in elderly Causes ... Femur #Fractures #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #differential #causes ... #pathophysiology
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
- Skull/spine/Pelvis ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Orthopedics ... #Causes
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Pathogenesis and Complications ... WBCs, and skin cells ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... #Complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
diffusion of K+ out of cells ... may cause serum ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
• Langerhan cells ... hair follicles -> causes ... removal of these cells ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications