19 results
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thrombocytosis: cells lyse as ... TTKG should be high ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: • High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... complications such as ... treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... #nephrology #low
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... intracellular calcium causes ... Hyperkalemia (high ... the same site as ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... increase dose as ... hypokalemia); nausea ... patients sensitive to high ... of aspiration #Potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypotension • AMS ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Induction Rx: high-dose ... (for secondary APS ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Compensation, Acute vs ... 0.8 Normal + High ... of High Anion Gap ... acetaminophen dosing ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology