11 results
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
epithelium and causing symptoms ... Signs/Symptoms ... (+) Nitrites, Leukocyte ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Gout: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 - Conditions of rapid cell turnover: hemolysis, psoriasis, lymphoproliferative disorders
 -
Gout: Pathogenesis ... for excretion in urine ... cascade results in leukocyte ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... → Urine culture ... Nephrology for renal ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Placenta • Leukocytes ... Most common symptoms ... Pregnancy - Renal ... disease - Bone symptoms
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drug-induced • High purine ... Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... • Alcohol #gout
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
) - Stagnant urine ... system, stagnant urine ... them to adhere to renal ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
diffusion of K+ out ... patient has good renal ... function/urine ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
of calcium in renal ... -> Release of purine ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
diet, hormones, urine ... Chronic retention of urine ... Acute or chronic renal ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... Urology #Signs #Symptoms
Functional GI Disorders in IBD - IBD Algorithm

Background:
 • 25-40% of IBD in remission have IBS
Disorders in IBD - IBD Algorithm ... remission have IBS symptoms ... correlation of lBS-type symptoms ... narcotic use FGID Pathphysiology ... • Disordered Gut-Brain