17 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Pregnancy • Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... tendineae: Rheumatic fever ... annulus: Rheumatic fever ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... • Decreased level ... ICU patients • Fever ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Diptheria • Typhoid fever ... Acute rheumatic fever ... Psittacosis • Q fever ... • Yellow fever ... #cardiology #BRADI
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... • Exercise • Fever ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Clinical features: Fever ... Blood cultures/serology ... Clinical features: Fever ... in up to 30% of cases ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... Regurgitation - Differential ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... , Rheumatic Fever ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
night sweats, fever ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
symptoms, fever ... ) • Headache, fever ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... Meningitis: • Fever ... #TB #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... • Headache • Fever ... meningeal signs (fever ... CNS #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology