23 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Gastrointestinal Manifestations
 - Thrombosis of vessels in the pancreas, Vasculitis -> Acute Pancreatitis
the pancreas, Vasculitis ... Pancreatitis - Elevated Liver ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
yrs old; F>M Signs ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Complications of Measles: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • ADEM -> Fever, headache, neck stiffness, BBD, mental
SOB, fatigue, fever ... N/V, elevated liver ... Complications #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
IBD • Chronic liver ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Common organ involvements and symptoms in Sarcoidosis
Lung 89-99% - Cough, dyspnoea, wheezing and stridor
Skin 16-32% -
Skin 16-32% - Lupus ... and vision loss Liver ... pain and elevated liver ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Features of Systemic Lupus ... (SLE) General: Fever ... Butterfly rash, Vasculitis ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Growth Hormone: • Liver ... activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... such as systemic lupus ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign