14 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS ... ) HPS-differential ... and diaphragm HPS-diagnosis ... Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ... vasodilatation HPS-severity
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... by A-a Gradient ... Normal A-a Gradient ... compliance ↑ A-a Gradient ... pulmonary #Aa #Gradient
Deciphering the SAAG - Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
Ascites is either made in the liver sinusoid
Ascites Albumin Gradient ... Scott Matherly @liverprof ... Serum #Albumin #Gradient ... Interpretation #Differential
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Diagnosis Algorithm
Bubble echo is the first piece of the puzzle. The nail on
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS ... ) Diagnosis Algorithm ... the dx is an A-a gradient ... Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome #HPS ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
ascites albumin gradient ... ascites #albumin #gradient ... #hepatology #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... tourniquet while drawing ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... gastrointestinal osmotic gradient ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Classification #pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #NonHodgkin #differential ... #algorithm
Drug-Induced Edema
Drug-induced edema is caused by many drugs & can coincide with or worsen pre-existing peripheral
- Bradykinin (has ... blood vessels, leading ... Medication #Causes #Differential ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) RPGN has ... three primary pathophysiologic ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm