20 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Renal Failure → ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate ... #management #endocrinology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Calcitonin • Renal ... : Dalysis with low ... Volume overload: Loop ... diuretic • Lymphoma ... #algorithm #malignancy
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... • Renal tubular ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Effects • Thiazide Diuretics ... /lsotretinoin Malignancy ... • Unregulated Conversion
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption RENAL ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... Aldosterone • Malignant
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
15 suggests ↓ renal ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... (IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table