32 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... Effects • Thiazide Diuretics ... • Unregulated Conversion ... #Differential #
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
, Potassium depletion ... disease • Drugs: Loop ... Hyperparathyroidism, Hypercalcemic ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased Urination - Differential ... urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia ... Increased intake (low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #potassium
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Saline or osmotic diuresis ... - Potassium depletion ... disease Drugs: - Loop ... Hyperparathyroidism - Hypercalcemic ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... #differential #