41 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... • Serum K low ... • Serum K: low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Renal Effect of NSAIDs Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis

 - Renal disease, Cardiovascular disease -> Decreased renal
Renal Effect of ... disease, Cardiovascular ... disease -> Decreased ... renal blood flow ... Prostaglandins #Pharmacology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Ingestion Renal ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... acidosis, DKA Kidney Disease ... CKD Increased Renal ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Familial renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Lowers level of low-density ... increased risk of low ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology
Immunosuppression in Transplantation
Induction (I):
 - Basiliximab (Simulect)
 - Alemtuzumab (Campath)
 - Rituximab
 - Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG)
Induction
#Medications #Pharmacology ... #Table #Drugs # ... Maintenance #Management #Nephrology ... #Renal
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
and peptic ulcer disease ... Low pill burden. ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology