623 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #nephrology #causes
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes and Treatment

 - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (most common) / Plasmapheresis 
 - Multiple
transformation (CML ... hyperleukocytosis (AML ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #Management
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
- Na-K-2Cl cotransporter ... , K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #
Autoantibodies in Rheumatology
 • Lupus (SLE): ANA (anti-nuclear antibody), dsDNA (double-stranded DNA), Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro (SSA) and
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome ... Anti-cardiolipin (aCl ... LAC) • Sjogren Syndrome ... Anti-centromere, Scl ... #Rheumatology #diagnosis
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Myeloid Leukemia (CML ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Mnemonic NO cause ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Dermatology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Chloride ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Urinary Chloride • Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis) • Cl ... #causes #urinary