122 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High Al ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... cotransporter, K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Approach to Anemia - Differential ... Microcytic (MCV ... Thalassemia • ACD ... Non-hemolytic: ACD ... #Algorithm #Differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Myeloid Leukemia (AML ... Myeloid Leukemia (CML ... drugs • ACE ... Hyperuricemia #Differential
Segond Fracture
- Avulsion fracture of the proximal tibia below the articular surface. 
- Associated with anterior
cruciate ligament (ACL ... #Orthopedics #Radiology
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
NAGMA NA + K - Cl ... excreted with Cl ... is intact: - All ... NAGMA #diagnosis #differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential
POCUS - Measuring Cardiac Output
1) Calculate LVOT Area
2) Calculate LVOT VTI
3) Calculate Cardiac Output

SV = (LVOT
POCUS - Measuring ... VTI) X HR CO (mL ... /min) = SV (mL/cycle ... x HR (bpm) - POCUS ... #Measurement #cardiology
Blood Disorders - Markers and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Acute
 • Myloid (AML) - CD13, CD33, CD34,
- Markers and Differential ... Acute • Myloid (AML ... • Lymphoid (ALL ... CD23, o CML ... hematology #Markers #Differential
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
Degeneration of the ACL ... within the enlarged ACL ... configuration of ACL ... Differential Diagnosis ... • ACL ganglion