12 results
Cardiac Murmurs and Maneuvers

An algorithm demonstrating the effect of various maneuvers on systolic murmurs. 
TR, tricuspid
Maneuvers An algorithm ... pulmonary stenosis; MVP ... /MR, mitral valve ... cardiomyopathy; MR ... , mitral regurgitation
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral Regurgitation ... Primary (organic ... #differential # ... cardiology #causes #primary
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... primary mitral ... regurgitation ... #Causes #Primary ... #Functional #Differential
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal potassium ... Renin High: • Primary ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... either secondary or primary ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... causes #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Physical Exam: ↑JVP ... Descents, Rales,+S4, MR ... Sarcoidosis, Primary ... Diagnosis #Causes #differential ... #cardiology #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #low #potassium