21 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... stones caused by ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... especially thiazide diuretics ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... especially thiazide diuretics ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
exercise or with diuretic ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
overdose) - Sodium ... foscarnet - Diuretics ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... differential #potassium #nephrology