41 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Reticulocytes • Abnormal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Calculating a Reticulocyte Index (RI)
Reticulocyte Index = Absolute Reticulocyte Count / Maturation Correction
Absolute Reticulocyte Count =
Reticulocyte Count / Maturation ... Patient's Hct / Normal ... Index #RI #RPI #hematology ... #diagnosis #anemia
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Deficiency - Abnormal ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Abnormal Glabellar Reflex (Glabellar tap sign/Myerson's sign)

A primitive reflex >> normal in infants, disappear with brain
Abnormal Glabellar ... (Glabellar tap sign ... /Myerson's sign) ... disappear with brain maturation ... #physicalexam #neurology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... some patients) Normal ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... marrow) -dys- (abnormal ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome ... Management #treatment #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... (MDS) (normal or ... megakaryocytes and a normal ... #oncology #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
number and appears abnormal ... cell types are abnormal ... low and appear abnormal ... cells might look abnormal ... #diagnosis #hematology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... , HIV serology, ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome