44 results
Cholestatic Liver Disease: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis vs Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

#pathophysiology #pbc #psc #hepatology #comparison
Cholestatic Liver Disease ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Cholangitis #pathophysiology ... #pbc #psc #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... of autoimmune disease ... relative with PBC ... Cholestasis #PBC ... #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis ... but elevated as disease ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... associated autoimmune disease ... of autoimmune disease ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... , Thalassemia, Iron ... elliptocytosis, Severe iron ... Target Cell RBC ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Artifact (redo CBC ... disorders • Celiac disease ... Non malignant hematologic ... states • Non-hematologic ... malignancy • Iron
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
x (Hct / 45) / Maturation ... Factor The maturation ... deficiencies: Iron ... Chronic kidney disease ... Production #Index #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
MCH, MCHC, Serum Iron ... RBCs Decreased RBC ... Reticulocytes • Iron ... Anemia of Chronic Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Relative - Normal RBC ... without Pulmonary Disease ... Cyanotic Heart Disease ... Chronic Pulmonary Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency ... , Thalassemia, Iron-deficiency ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... #differential #hematology