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Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... Increased red cell ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Causes #Workup #Hematology ... #Diagnosis *
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #Anemia #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... organ or stem cell ... anemia" • HELLP ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #hemolysis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... anemia): ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #anemia
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... AIHA • Anemia ... #Anemia #diagnosis ... #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Sickle cell ... anemia • ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic ... cells: Sickle cell ... Smear #Analysis #hematology ... interpretation #clinical
Treatments for Sickle Cell disease

#Sicklecell #sicklecelldisease #sicklecellanemia, #sicklecells #sickle #hematology #anemia #clinical #pediatrics #FOAM #FOAMed
Treatments for Sickle ... Cell disease ... sicklecells #sickle #hematology ... #anemia #clinical
Common RBC Inclusions and Associations
 • Howell Jolly Bodies: Hyposplenism, Asplenism, Severe hemolytic anemia
 • Heinz
Asplenism, Severe hemolytic ... , Hemolytic anemia ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell ... Inclusions #Bodies #diagnosis ... #hematology