10 results
Osteomalacia & Osteoporosis in People with HIV
Osteomalacia:
 - Decreased bone matrix mineralization. In people with HIV
wasting, vitamin D deficiency ... (from multiple causes ... of underlying cause ... #Osteoporosis #HIVAIDS ... #Comparison #Diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... - IV Iron: • Several
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... →Activation of CD8 ... Cellular immune deficiency ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: •
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
: 2 hit mechanism ... without other cause ... : 33% • Treatment ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... : • CBC - Leukocytosis ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... #differential #causes
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... thrombopoietin deficiency ... Treat primary cause ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... • Common Causes ... • Labs: - CBC ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... consider IM or IV
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... simplex virus, HIV ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment
IDSA Recommendations for Preventing and Treating Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Infections in HIV-AIDS
Pre-Exposure Prevention of VZV
Infections in HIV-AIDS ... patients with CD4 ... health-care provider diagnosis ... Uncomplicated Cases ... opportunistic #infections #HIVAIDS
Cryptococcal meningitis on T2 MRI
30 M from sub-Saharan Africa presents w/ progressive Headache x1 mo, +neck
Diagnosis? ... Cryptococcal meningitis, hiv ... Nausea & vomiting ... Standard treatment ... )but severe K+ deficiency