26 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
pH < 7.35) • Metabolic ... Acidosis (HCO3 ... • Respiratory Acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Compensation
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... compensation ... • Respiratory compensation ... Metabolic acidosis ... Step 5 - Differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... acidosis • Succinylcholine ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
hyperkalemia? ... acidosis? ... patients with a metabolic ... acidosis? ... #indications #comparison
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis Causes ... Hypokalemia ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Occult Causes of Non-Response to Vasopressors

vital disclaimer: the cognitive response to hypotension should not be reaching
Occult Causes of ... hypotension is treatment ... non-responders: - acidosis ... occult bleeding - toxicologic ... #Vasopressors #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis