10 results
Lewy Body Dementia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Lewy Body Dementia is a sub-category of major or mild
neurocognitive disorders ... particularly affecting memory ... visuospatial function Core ... sleep behavior disorder ... #pathophysiology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... hallucinations - Movement disorders ... #Differential #
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... Encephalopathy Triad: • Memory ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Clinical Findings Risk ... mutations - Down syndrome ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... tenfold increased risk ... • Sleep Disorders ... : REM behavior disorder ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... : • Valvular disorders ... • Increased risk ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Blurry Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Sjögren’s syndrome ... retina or optic disk ... • HIV/AIDS or
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Acquired Risk ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Attempt if high risk ... initiation • Differential ... • Steroids: IV
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... Pneumonia: • Risk ... of a "flu-like syndrome