27 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial Thrombus ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... ) Mitral stenosis ... #Thrombus #a4c
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Regurgitation Primary ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... stenosis Rheumatic ... disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #stenosis #Causes
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Mitral Regurgitation ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... • Rupture • Endocarditis ... Fever • Trauma Mitral ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Causes of Ischemic ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... valve • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... of primary mitral ... stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... #Causes #Primary
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
• Malignancy: Primary ... • Valvular (Mitral ... stenosis or regurgitation ... , Tricuspid endocarditis ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Bronchiectasis: diagnosis and management 

Causes of localized -> diffuse bronchiectasis
Foreign body, Bronchial stenosis (tumor, .. ),
diagnosis and management ... Causes of localized ... body, Bronchial stenosis ... Cystic fibrosis, primary ... Bronchiectasis #diagnosis #management
Massive Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management
Definition: 150-600 mL over 24 hours
Differential Diagnosis:
 • Tracheobronchial:
Framework and Management ... Pneumonitis • Primary ... Embolism, Vasculitis, Mitral ... Stenosis, AVM, ... Coagulopathy Initial Management
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Direct: Clot (LV thrombus ... , LAA Thrombus), ... - Most Common Cause ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis