9 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Pathogenesis and Complications ... - Hypercalcemia ... (Low dose salicylates ... Accumulation of abnormally ... high uric acid
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... urinary losses: • High ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Lysis (TLS, rhabdo/crush ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... remember than the normal ... diuresis can be high ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
Hypomagnesemia • Hypokalemia ... classified as: • Low ... percent PVCs/day • High ... (≥ 0.12s) with abnormal ... fibrillation Complications
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
after blood is drawn ... Causes: • Thrombocytosis ... Pseudohyperkalemia: A rarer ... Causes: • Seen ... #Potassium #Nephrology
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
we introduce a high ... K+ in the ECF causes ... Hyperkalemia, a ... complication which ... The high CL- content