11 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria and/or proteinuria ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
Lupus Nephritis ... urine sediment ... , RBC casts, WBC ... casts) especially ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... , granular casts ... #Interstitial #Nephritis ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Diagnosis Algorithm ... and/or RBC casts ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/ ... RBC casts ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... casts are seen ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... ) • Granular Casts ... • RBC Casts - ... #Urine #Microscopy
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... castsDiagnostic ... - Proteinuria ... #Diagnosis #causes
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
cell/white cell casts ... because nephritic ... urine sediment ... #Algorithm #differential ... #proteinuria #nephrotic
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... , urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Diagnosis #nephrology