135 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... retraction nystagmus - Eyelid ... → "setting sun sign ... " - Vascular disease ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... VitD: Multiple Myeloma ... , Milk Alkali Syndrome ... , Viral Syndromes ... Algorithm #Workup #nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Syphilis, Lyme disease ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... , myeloma, secondary ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... retraction nystagmus • Eyelid ... "setting sun" sign ... • Vascular disease ... #neurology #diagnosis
Priapism 

Secondary Causes:
Medications- intracavernosal injections, anticoagulants, PDE5 inhibitors, alpha blockers, methylphenidate, cocaine
Any hyperviscosity syndrome (SCD, leukemia,
hyperviscosity syndrome ... SCD, leukemia, myeloma ... or are zebras (…amyloid ... Priapism #Diagnosis #Management ... #Urology #Differential
Colonic Thumbprint Sign on Abdominal XRay - Differential Diagnosis:
 • inflammatory bowel disease: UC and CD
Colonic Thumbprint Sign ... Abdominal XRay - Differential ... inflammatory bowel disease ... • lymphoma • amyloid ... #Differential #
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease ... polychondritis • Behcet disease ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Diagnosis and Management ... Activation: Liver disease ... , Kidney Disease ... Infiltrative: Amyloid ... endocrinology #differential
Cardiac Amyloid - Diagnosis, Signs, Symptoms and Management

Clinical Presentation
- exertional dyspnea
- peripheral edema
- exertional syncope
- peripheral
Cardiac Amyloid ... - Diagnosis, Signs ... , Symptoms and Management ... - conduction disease ... Diagnosis #Stages #Management
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
metastases and multiple myeloma ... Other humoral syndromes ... Granulomatous disease ... - Williams syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential