35 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs ... myoglobin • Myeloma ... #nephrology #causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Rouleaux in urine sediment - Urine Microscopy
Rouleaux in urine sediment. As the finding in the blood
Microscopy Rouleaux ... smears, it is caused ... with multiple myeloma ... #sediment #Microscopy ... #clinical #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... hematuria • Signs ... → Diagnostic of ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Multiple Myeloma ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy Instructions
1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Urine Microscopy ... 1) Spin fresh urine ... under lower power (casts ... iMedEducation #Urine ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Diagnostic of ... #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... Casts • Hyaline ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis