29 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... : Low intake • ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... - Low Uric Acid ... → renal salt wasting ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... nephrology #sodium #low
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Approach to Acid ... Evaluation and Differential ... 3) Now, look at ... Generally, for acid ... @EmmGeezee #Acid
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid ... Euvolemic, Serum uric acid ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... diagnosis #sodium #low
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
of calcium in renal ... Tubular Poisons (Low ... like lactic acid ... and keto-acids) ... Release of purine bases
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Normal/low ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... Cystinuria - Amino acid ... syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... receptor Distal renal ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential