14 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... • Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... clinical context and signs ... • Glomerulonephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular hematuria ... #urology #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... also be seen if urine ... protein indicating acute ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... Post-infectious glomerulonephritis ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
Acute Kidney Injury ... sepsis • Drugs: NSAIDs ... damage to the glomeruli ... nephritis) • GN (glomerulonephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ... GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... #MPGN #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
membrane; GN = glomerulonephritis ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... Red blood cell - Glomerulonephritis ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... suggestive of glomerulonephritis ... #nephrology #interpretation