34 results
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... • Persistent bacteremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... under BCNIE, these bacteria ... #Endocarditis #InfectiousDiseases ... #Microbiology # ... CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Streptocccus Pneumoniae Microbiology ... Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... • Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... Specificity of 97%) Treatment
Transplant Infections Timeline
Pre-transplant:
 • Common bacteria (endogenous): Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative bacilli (gut)
 • Viruses: HSV (reactivation)
Engraftment:
Pre-transplant: • Common bacteria ... Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative ... Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #infectiousdiseases
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... which can also cause ... endocarditis is caused ... by HACEK bacteria ... #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases
Infective endocarditis - etiology and sources of infection. 
 • Native and prosthetic 
valve endocarditis
 •
Native and ... Endocarditis #Sources #Causes ... #Bacteria #Etiology ... #Differential #Microbiology
Bacteremia Quick Reference - Treatment Duration

Gram Negative Bacteremia:
 • Avoid: Aminoglycosides and tigecycline
 • Catheters should
Reference - Treatment ... Duration Gram Negative ... at 24 hours are negative ... #Treatment #Management ... #Duration #infectiousdiseases
Psittacosis 
Pathogen: Chlamydia psittaci - obligate intracellular gram negative
Transmission:
 • Birds are the primary reservoir
 •
intracellular gram negative ... danger of aerosol) Treatment ... first line of treatment ... Chlamydia #psittaci #microbiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
barns and lake houses ... • Autopsy PCR Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #microbiology # ... infectiousdiseases
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... cultures remain negative ... but important causes ... #BloodCulture #Negative ... differential #workup #infectiousdiseases