18 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... (48-70%) Cold ... Agglutinin Disease ... (7-8%) DAT-negative ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... - Warm vs Cold ... C3 positive or negative ... mediated - DAT: IgG negative ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Cold AIHA ... • Drug-induced AIHA ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
- Autoimmune (AIHA ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... )"Cold" (usually ... agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) ... alpha-methyldopa COLD ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... DAT Negative Hemolysis ... ), C3d ( - ) WAIHA ... , C3d ( +/- ) Cold ... agglutinin disease
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... for anti-C3d and negative ... • Compensated hemolysis ... #hemolytic #anemia
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA ... , Cold AIHA, Transfusion ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider sickle cell disease ... Agglutination - Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm