39 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Agglutinin Disease ... AIHA (7-8%) DAT-negative ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... C3 positive or negative ... mediated - DAT: IgG negative ... AIHA #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #hematology
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... DAT Negative Hemolysis ... , C3d ( +/- ) Cold ... agglutinin disease ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... for anti-C3d and negative ... • Compensated hemolysis ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... Treatment #management #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach ... -100): • Non-hemolytic ... anemia, CKD • Hemolytic ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology