10 results
diagnosis differential causes nephrology alkalosis chloride hypokalemia management metabolic pharmacology urinary associated ckd conversion endocrinology function hypercalcemia hypertension hypomagnesemia magnesium
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... the collecting duct ... loss through the nephron ... the collecting duct ... #thiazide #classes
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... acid and most diuretics ... limb of Henle's loop ... limb of Henle's loop ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... aldosteronism Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... contracted • Loop ... diuretics / Bartter's ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases
Algorithm for Diagnosis and Management of Resistant Hypertension in CKD Pseudoresistant Hypertension - Reduce barriers to adherence:
Algorithm for Diagnosis ... Modifications • Low ... Consider other causes ... Add loop diuretic ... Hypertension #CKD #Algorithm
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