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Diagnosis and Management of Hypernatremia

#Hypernatremia #Differential #Algorithm #Causes #Nephrology #Diagnosis

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Management of Hypernatremia ... #Hypernatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Causes #Nephrology ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Nephrotic Syndrome - Primary vs Secodary - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Nephrotic #Syndrome #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Primary #Secondary
Nephrotic Syndrome ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... Primary #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Causes