33 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Workup Step 1 ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... disease, water ... unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... can also be complex
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Disease 3 Types ... Antibodies: 1. ... (CAD) 2. ... Antibodies[PCH] 3. ... Agglutinin Syndrome
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) - Diagnostic Criteria
HRS-AKI (Acute: previously known as HRS Type 1)
 • ↑ Creatinine
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... (HRS) - Diagnostic ... HRS Type 1) • ... No response to 1 ... HRS Type 2) •
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Algorithm Hypertension ... damage or DM (visit 2) ... monitoring (visit 3+ ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... • AKI/CKD Mineralocorticoid
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal injuries 2. ... , Aspergillus 3. ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential ... #algorithm
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Medications, Spinal Cord ... , Severe Valve Disease ... Treatment Goals: 1) ... MAP > 60-65 2) ... Lactate < 2.0 3)
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Framework 1) ... Grafts, Valves, AS ... Pre-eclampsia 2) ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , PNH 3) Internal
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
- Remove all ... appear in 1-2 days ... • Management: 1. ... resuscitation 3. ... Spinal shock vs Neurogenic