22 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Inadequate ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Workup ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Summary Table of how the 4 types of shock affect the circulatory system: 
 - Hypovolemic
Summary Table of ... how the 4 types ... of shock affect ... Obstructive #Diagnosis ... #Management #Types
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... trauma (a.k.a. neurogenic ... obstruction to blood flow ... #Table #CriticalCare
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Diagnosis #Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... • Hypovolemic shock ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Approach to Undifferentiated Shock - OnePager Summary
Shock occurs when there is inadequate blood flow (CO) &
release syndrome), Neurogenic ... (pancreatitis, low ... hypoaldo, osmotic diuresis ... , diuretics), Low ... #diagnosis #differential