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differential causes management medications algorithm comparison diuresis diuretics druginduced epithelial excretion geriatrics high hyponatremia inherited inopressors list polydipsia primary renal
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... concentrating defect ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects ... in Kidney Tubule ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 1) Determine type and etiology of shock • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... Disease, Mechanical Defect ... pharmacology ... inopressors #diagnosis ... management #comparison #table
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis GI losses / Insensible losses Sodium Overload Transcellular Movement of Water Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... sensitivity in kidneys ... #Table #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Numerous drugs taken by elderly persons can affect water balance by direct action on the kidney
Numerous drugs taken ... action on the kidney ... (Table IV). ... #Diagnosis #Pharmacology ... #Geriatrics #Hyponatremia
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
• Symptomatic hyponatremia ... dysfunction - K+ deficits ... intoxication Initial Workup ... , Urine Sodium ... #management #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... causes #treatment #nephrology
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