19 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... The differential ... urine osm (in DI; high ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Congestion • Medications ... External obstruction, Neurogenic ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... in kidneys) - Medications ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Shock - Differential ... Lactate > 1.5 High ... Failure, Toxins/Medications ... , Spinal Cord Injury ... Low CO / High
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... per day until stable ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... diuresis can be high ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... IV Fluids • If high ... → No specific treatment ... ureteral stent(s) • Neurogenic ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Table