41 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Algorithm High ... or Normal PTH: ... Malignancy • Normal ... #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Losses: • Normal ... Estrogen based Rx • Normal ... ADHR, XLHR - Normal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap ... Intoxication - Normal ... /normal Type ... /normal Type ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypertensive ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
TSH, Low normal ... • Low TSH, normal ... Hyperthyroidism: Work-up ... Scan • High or normal ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
reexposed to light; • Normal ... females Differential Diagnosis ... Ill Palsy - abnormal ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Normal ... Variant, Normal ... Stature Normal ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment