19 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... #nephrology #PTH
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
/low Proteinuria ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... or Low PTH: ... or Low FGF-23: ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... #nephrology #causes
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
reexposed to light; • Normal ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... Commonly caused ... #neurology #sensory
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Renal Imaging: - Normal ... Renal Ultrasound ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology