28 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Nephrotic syndrome ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... - Diuretics ... #Diagnosis #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... - Hypokalemia ... - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... #Diagnosis #Low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause of hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia-induced hypokalemia ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #hypokalemia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Al, High R - Secondary ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #Hypokalemia # ... Differential #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Refeeding syndrome ... • Discontinued diuretic ... MatthewHoMD #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... deficiency, Post-AKI diuresis ... can be high or ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... diagnosis #table