55 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
suggests calculi/infection ... tract), terminal (bladder ... neck, prostatic ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
disease - Post-infectious ... • Neurogenic bladder ... Urinary tract infection ... Medications • Benign prostatic ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... dysregulation -> Bacterial infection ... production -> Bladder ... retention, UTIs & bladder ... Pathophysiology #Urology
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Upper Tract - Bladder ... NOT distended on ultrasound ... on ultrasound, ... • BPH • Prostate ... Algorithm #Causes #Urology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
nephropathy • Benign prostatic ... Constipation • Prostate ... Family history, ultrasound ... analgesics) • Infections ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Urinary calculi • Prostatic ... cancer) • Urinary bladder ... Post-infectious ... • Toxins • Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Misplaced Foley inflated in the prostatic urethra on bladder pocus

Elderly male with suprapubic pain.  Visiting
inflated in the prostatic ... urethra on bladder ... Tip can be seen ... pocus #transverse #clinical ... #ultrasound
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
• Drugs • HIV ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections ... UIS) • Benign Prostatic ... Constipation • Prostate ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
deposits - Post-infectious ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... Diverticulum Urethra/Prostate ... catheterization • BPH • Prostate ... Hematuria: • Infection
Misplaced Foley inflated in the prostatic urethra on bladder pocus

Elderly male with suprapubic pain.  Visiting
inflated in the prostatic ... urethra on bladder ... Tip can be seen ... pocus #sagittal #clinical ... #ultrasound