20 results
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
RANK is expressed ... RANKL is expressed ... The binding of RANKL ... to RANK stimulates ... RANK = receptor
Pharmacologic Options for Hypercalcemia Associated with Cancer
Rehydration with NS followed by loop diuretics
 • IV normal
acid - Inhibits osteoclast ... Denosumab - Inhibits RANKL ... to decrease osteoclast ... nitrate - Inhibits osteoclast
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune condition. While chiefly thought of as a joint
arthritis #TNF #CRP #RANKL ... #ostoblast #Citrullinated
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
production of osteoblasts ... and GF's -> Osteoblasts ... expression of osteoclasts ... -> Incr Osteoclasts
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
cells activate osteoblasts ... more than osteoclasts ... activate largely osteoclasts
Synthesis, metabolism and functions of vitamin D. PTH parathyroid hormone, FGF-23 fibroblast growth factor-23, RANKL receptor
growth factor-23, RANKL
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
IGFIR activates osteoblasts
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
renal failure, Osteoblastic
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Pancreatitis, Sepsis, Osteoblastic
Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis Treatment or Prevention 

Bisphosphonates are common medications used in the treatment and prevention
Bisphosophonates inhibit osteoclasts