19 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #nephrology #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion ... loop #thiazide #classes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
activities • Diuretic ... release • ↓ Cl ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... ) = {Na - (Cl + ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
acid and most diuretics ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... filtered Na+ and Cl ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Cl- responsive ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... #nephrology #differential
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology
 • IV Furosemide in Acute Heart Failure
 • Causes of Diuretic Resistance
 •
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology ... Heart Failure • Causes ... of Diuretic Resistance ... • Approach to Diuretic ... #nephrology #pathophysiology