13 results
Strongyloides fuelleborni Lifecycle
Free-Living Cycle
1) Eggs containing rhabditiform larvae passed in feces.
2) Rhabditiform larvae hatch in environment.
Strongyloides fuelleborni ... Lifecycle Free-Living ... #Strongyloides # ... #Parasite #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Strongyloides Stercoralis Lifecycle
Free-Living Cycle:
1) Rhabditiform larvae in the intestine are excreted in stool. 
2) Development into
Strongyloides Stercoralis ... Lifecycle Free-Living ... #Strongyloides # ... stercoralis #LifeCycle ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Infections in HIV-AIDS ... CD4 < 200: CMV, HSV ... gondii (CD4<50), Strongyloides ... sputum, PCP DFA ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... is similar to PML ... well-defined than PML ... Diagnosis: MRI ... etiologies and PML
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Infections in HIV ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • PVL ... and dyspnea • Strongyloides ... #differential #diagnosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Antibiotics: - IV ... Carbapenems - IV ... Clindamycin in case of PCN
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... opacities • Diagnosis ... • Differential Diagnosis ... • Steroids: IV ... fluid overload, PCC
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Exercise capacity Diagnosis ... Treatment Options (IV ... #Failure #CHF #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... Active TB: • HIV ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... staining, NAA (PCR ... Tuberculosis #TB #Diagnosis