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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (blood). Typical morphologic features are bilobed ("butterfly") nuclei with dispersed chromatin, subtle to
I see all of these ... features in most cases ... promyelocytic #leukemia #APL ... #APML #Pathology ... #Hematology #Clinical
Antinuclear Antibody Testing - Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Patterns
Nuclear Patterns:
 • Homogeneous pattern: 
   -
pattern: - PBC ... , SSc, PBC/SSc OS ... , PBC/SjS OS ... , RA, PBC, UCTD ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Renal Failure Treatment ... fluid overload, PCC ... #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
Diagnosis and Management ... 40, F:M 9:1 • Clinical ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... life-threatening • Treatment ... #Summary #rheumatology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
: Blast crises ... Leukocyte count ↑ PLT ... Significant ↓ PLT ... count • ↓Hg & PLT ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... 40, F:M 9:1 • Clinical ... Usual therapeutic management ... comparison #table #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #management
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE ... ) Clinical Manifestations ... autoantibodies that will cause ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Antinuclear Antibody Testing - Nuclear Patterns
Homogeneous pattern: 
 • SLE, SSc, AIH, JIA
 • dsDNA, chromatin,
pattern: • SjS, SLE ... pattern: • SSc, PBC ... dots pattern: • PBC ... conditions • Sp-100, PML ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Cytopenia +++ (Plt ... Autoimmune diseases: SLE ... Treatment: • ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #rheumatology
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Presentation: 
 • Plts ↓50% (nadir
heparin-PF4 complex → plt ... Diagnosis: • Clinical ... Confirmatory test ↑Se ... non-heparin A/C if clinical ... #Treatment #Hematology